{"id":7750,"date":"2021-12-01T14:34:02","date_gmt":"2021-12-01T11:34:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hosting.com.tr\/blog\/?p=7750"},"modified":"2024-11-10T14:13:07","modified_gmt":"2024-11-10T11:13:07","slug":"ips-ve-ids-nedir-nasil-calisir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hosting.com.tr\/blog\/ips-ve-ids-nedir-nasil-calisir\/","title":{"rendered":"IPS ve IDS Nedir? Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bir internet a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ile ilgili kullan\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok ara\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Ancak yine de \u00e7ok say\u0131da siber sald\u0131r\u0131ya maruz kal\u0131n\u0131yor. Bu internet a\u011flar\u0131na ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen sald\u0131r\u0131lar bir\u00e7ok \u015firkete veya kisileri s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 durumlara sokabiliyor. IPS<\/strong> (I<\/strong>ntrusion P<\/strong>revent S<\/strong>ystem) ve IDS<\/strong> (I<\/strong>ntrusion D<\/strong>etection S<\/strong>ystem), siber sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek ve tespit etmek amac\u0131yla geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f olduk\u00e7a g\u00fcvenilir sald\u0131r\u0131 \u00f6nleme ve tespit etme sistemleridir. \u0130sterseniz \u015fimdi “IPS ve IDS Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?”<\/strong> sorusunu cevaplayarak bu detaylara odaklanal\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IPS Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

IPS <\/strong>(I<\/strong>ntrusion P<\/strong>revention S<\/strong>ystem), bir \u00e7e\u015fit siber sald\u0131r\u0131 \u00f6nleme sistemidir. Genel olarak g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131nda olu\u015fturulan bu \u00f6nleme sistemi, tehlikeli ve g\u00fcvenilir i\u00e7erikleri analiz edip ay\u0131rt etmek \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015f bir katman sayesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. TCP sisteminde veri al\u0131\u015fveri\u015finin katmanlar halinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini biliyoruz. Bu katmanlar i\u00e7inde veriler paketler halinde ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131rlar. Bu sistem \u00fczerinde olu\u015fturulan bir g\u00fcvenlik katman\u0131 olan IPS, trafik \u00fczerindeki paketleri analiz eder, kaynak ve hedef aras\u0131ndaki ileti\u015fimi s\u00fcrekli olarak kontrol eder. Anormal durumlar tespit etmesi halinde ileti\u015fimi ve veri ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 keser, ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131rlar ve a\u011f y\u00f6neticisine sald\u0131r\u0131 hakk\u0131nda uyar\u0131 g\u00f6nderir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her ne kadar bu g\u00fcvenlik sistemi analizleri h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirse de baz\u0131 zarars\u0131z verileri de sald\u0131rgan olarak nitelendirip ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 kesebilir, bu da a\u011f performans\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilir. Bu sebeple IPS sisteminin ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 ve do\u011fru analizler yapmas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem arz eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IPS Cesitleri Nelerdir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Network Based Intrusion Prevention (NIPS)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Network bazl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131 \u00f6nleme sistemi NIPS t\u00fcm a\u011f \u00fczerinde meydana gelen \u015f\u00fcpheli hareketleri tespit edip \u00f6nlemek \u00fczerine kullan\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131 \u00f6nlemi sistemidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wireless Intrusion Prevention Systems (WIPS)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kablosuz a\u011fa sald\u0131r\u0131 \u00f6nleme sistemi WIPS, kablosuz a\u011f protokol\u00fc izlenerek \u015f\u00fcpheli hareketleri tespit etmek \u00fczere kurulmu\u015f sald\u0131r\u0131 \u00f6nleme sistemidir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Host Based Intrusion Prevention (HIPS)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ana makine \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015fan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kurulmu\u015f bir sistemdir. Temel olarak ana makine koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Network Behavior Analysis (NBA)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Normalde a\u011flar standart baz\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar ile kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu standartlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki hareketler \u015f\u00fcphe ile yakla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken hareketlerdir. A\u011f \u00fczerindeki hareketleri izleyerek, anormal durumlar\u0131n analiz edilmesi ve bu sayede sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6nceden tespit edilmesi i\u00e7in kurulmu\u015f bir sistemdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IDS Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

IDS<\/strong> (I<\/strong>ntrusion D<\/strong>etection S<\/strong>ystem) sald\u0131r\u0131 tespit sistemi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan temelde ve bir a\u011f\u0131 izleyip g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 ve sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 tespit etmek \u00fczere kurgulanm\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131l\u0131m veya donan\u0131m \u015feklinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan siber g\u00fcvenlik sistemidir. IPS sistemi ile kombine bir \u015fekilde veya ayr\u0131 olacak \u015fekilde kurgulanabilir. Her iki sistemde g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131nda kurgulanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IDS sisteminin bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m veya ki\u015fiden kaynaklanan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 tespit etmek, bunlar\u0131 rapor etmek, gelecekte kan\u0131t olu\u015fturacak \u015fekilde kaydetmek, zarar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f sistemleri karantinaya almak gibi i\u015flevleri vard\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131nda mevcut sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 ve sald\u0131r\u0131 modellerini kaydederek gelecekteki sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n tespitini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IDS sistemleri sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 imza alarm\u0131 denilen y\u00f6ntemle belirlemektedir. Signature (\u0130mza) denilen \u015fey ise sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 tespit etmek amac\u0131yla \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f durumlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tetiklenen birtak\u0131m kurallar dizisidir. Kurgulanan her signatur farkl\u0131 \u015fekilde davranabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130mza alarmlar\u0131 d\u00f6rt kategoride de\u011ferlendirilir. False positive, o \u00fczerindeki normal davran\u0131\u015flar ra\u011fmen tetiklenen alarmd\u0131r. False negative, olumsuz bir davran\u0131\u015f olsa bile tetiklenmeyen alarmd\u0131r. True positive, daha \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f olumsuz davran\u0131\u015f kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde tetiklenen alarmd\u0131r. True negative ger\u00e7ekte bir sald\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten alarmd\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

IDS sistemlerini  bilgisayar ve a\u011flara y\u00f6nelik olu\u015fturulabilen iki sens\u00f6r \u00e7e\u015fidi vard\u0131r. Network sens\u00f6r\u00fc a\u011f \u00fczerinde kurgulanarak a\u011fdaki k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lar ve veri paketlerini tespit edip bloke eder. Server sens\u00f6r ise sunucu \u00fczerinde konumland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve sunucunun veri trafi\u011fini izler. sunucu \u00fczerindeki yetkisiz ve zararl\u0131 i\u015flemleri tespit ederler. Her iki sens\u00f6r tipi de ayn\u0131 veritaban\u0131na kullan\u0131rlar. Bunun yan\u0131nda IDS sistemleri alg\u0131lama \u00e7e\u015fidine g\u00f6re de s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

IDS \u00c7e\u015fitleri Nelerdir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Anomaly Based IDS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Bir a\u011f \u00fczerindeki normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sisteminin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen anormal durumlar\u0131 izlemek \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015ftur. \u00d6nceden belirlenmi\u015f bir davran\u0131\u015f modeli olmasa bile sistemde normal olarak de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015f hareketler haricindeki olaylar\u0131 anormal diye nitelendirir. Yanl\u0131\u015f negatif alarm verme durumu olduk\u00e7a fazla olsa da tan\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015f sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 yakalaman\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir yoludur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Signature Based IDS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0130mza bazl\u0131 yani daha \u00f6nceden bilinen ve belirtilmi\u015f kurallar ve davran\u0131\u015flar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sald\u0131r\u0131 \u00f6nleme sistemidir. Olumsuz yan\u0131 ise daha \u00f6nceden belirlenmemi\u015f sald\u0131r\u0131 modellerini yakalayamamas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Protocol Decode Based IDS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

RFC’ler telefondan tan\u0131mlanan protokol ihlallerini taramak \u00fczere kurulmu\u015f bir sistemdir. Protokollerin iyi tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 durumunda g\u00fcvenli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131 sa\u011flarlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pattern Matching Analysis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nternet ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 noktalar\u0131nda ki veri ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ve paketlerini inceleyen bir analiz sistemidir. Hedef ve kaynak aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131n\u0131 ili\u015fkilendirerek tarama yapar. Klasik ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 tespit etmekte zorlanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Heuristic Based Analysis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sistem kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde t\u00fcketen Bir analiz modeli olmas\u0131 haricinde sezgisel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir sald\u0131r\u0131 \u00f6nleme sistemidir. \u0130mzan\u0131n tetiklenir tetiklenmeyece\u011fini sezgisel olarak belirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IPS ve IDS Sistemi Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r? Aralar\u0131ndaki Fark Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
  • IPS sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 aksiyon almak \u00fczere kurulmu\u015ftur ancak IDS ise sadece tespit etmek \u00fczere \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>
  • Her ikisi de donan\u0131msal veya yaz\u0131l\u0131msal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir.<\/li>
  • Her ikisi de bilinen tehditleri ve davran\u0131\u015f modellerini kendi veritabanlar\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 tespit etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/li>
  • IPS kendi ba\u015f\u0131na aksiyona ge\u00e7er, IDS ise aksiyon alacak ki\u015fiye rapor verir. Bu sebeple IDS sistemini s\u00fcrekli takip eden bir personel ihtiyac\u0131 do\u011far.<\/li>
  • Her ikisi de bir g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 arkas\u0131nda konumlanarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \"IPS<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    IPS bir kontrol sistemidir kendi veritaban\u0131 \u00fczerinde belirlenen kural setlerine g\u00f6re olu\u015fan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 tespit etti\u011finde veri paketlerini reddederek veri al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fini durdurur. Veritaban\u0131n s\u00fcrekli g\u00fcncel tutulmas\u0131na ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Her iki sistemde bilinen tehditleri kendi ve veritabanlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak bulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. IDS bir sald\u0131r\u0131 tespit ve monit\u00f6rize etme sistemidir. Kendi ba\u015flar\u0131na aksiyon almazlar. Aksiyon almak i\u00e7in ba\u015fka bir sistem veya bir personele ihtiya\u00e7 duyar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Bu g\u00fcvenlik \u00fcr\u00fcnleri donan\u0131msal veya yaz\u0131l\u0131msal olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Donan\u0131m olarak kullan\u0131lan \u00fcr\u00fcnler sistemi ve a\u011flar\u0131 yava\u015flatmadan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmektedir. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan avantaj sa\u011flayacak \u00fcr\u00fcnlerdir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Bir g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 firewall cihaz\u0131 arkas\u0131nda konumlanan IPS ve IDS sistemleri siber sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n izlenmesi ve \u00f6nlenmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 koruma sa\u011flayan profesyonel g\u00fcvenlik sistemleridir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Firewall cihazlar\u0131 paketlerin ge\u00e7i\u015fini k\u0131s\u0131kl\u0131’ya bildikleri halde sald\u0131r\u0131 an\u0131nda programlama yetene\u011fine sahip de\u011fildir. IPS ve IDS sistemleri kendi veritabanlar\u0131 ve olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 sens\u00f6r ve kontrol sistemleri ile bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 tespit ettikten sonra aksiyon alabilmek a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan avantaj sa\u011flayan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerdir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Real time yani ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 izleme ve \u00f6nleme sa\u011flayan ve iyi kurgulanm\u0131\u015f imza sistemleriyle donat\u0131lan bu sistemler g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz siber sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek true positive ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck false positive oranlar\u0131yla  y\u00fcksek koruma sa\u011flarlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere sald\u0131r\u0131 modelleri ve y\u00f6ntemleri \u00e7e\u015fitlendik\u00e7e Siber g\u00fcvenlik y\u00f6ntemleri ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131 da ayn\u0131 oranda geli\u015fip \u00e7e\u015fitleniyor.  Profesyonel g\u00fcvenlik sistemleri olan IPS ve IDS sistemleri b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda koruma sa\u011flayan siber g\u00fcvenlik sistemleridir. \u00d6nemli veriler i\u00e7eren ve y\u00fcksek \u00f6ncelikli bilgileri i\u015fleyen bir sisteminiz varsa b\u00f6yle bir sistem kurman\u0131z ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Bir internet a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ile ilgili kullan\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok ara\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Ancak yine de \u00e7ok say\u0131da siber sald\u0131r\u0131ya maruz…\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":7753,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"","csco_appearance_grid":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_post_video_location":[],"csco_post_video_location_hash":"","csco_post_video_url":"","csco_post_video_bg_start_time":0,"csco_post_video_bg_end_time":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[349,22],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-7750","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-guvenlik","8":"category-teknoloji","9":"cs-entry","10":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nIPS ve IDS Nedir? Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r? - Hosting.com.tr<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hosting.com.tr\/blog\/ips-ve-ids-nedir-nasil-calisir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"IPS ve IDS Nedir? Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r? - Hosting.com.tr\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Bir internet a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ile ilgili kullan\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok ara\u00e7 vard\u0131r. 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